The Indian Constitution is renowned for being the world’s longest written constitution. The Constitution of India was adopted on November 26, 1949, by the Constituent Assembly and came into effect on January 26, 1950, marking the birth of the Republic of India. The length of the Indian Constitution is a testament to the comprehensive and detailed nature of its content.

Our Constitution consists of a preamble and 470 articles, organized into 25 parts. It also includes 12 schedules and 5 appendices. The Constitution covers a wide range of topics, including the structure of government, distribution of powers between the center and the states, fundamental rights, directive principles of state policy, and the powers and responsibilities of various institutions.

The Constitution of India holds paramount importance as the foundational legal document that shapes the nation’s governance. It establishes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, and democratic republic, reflecting the core principles of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. The Constitution safeguards fundamental rights, providing citizens with protections against arbitrary actions by the state. It outlines Directive Principles that guide the government in promoting social and economic justice. Additionally, the Constitution fosters unity in diversity by recognizing and respecting the country’s pluralistic nature. Its significance lies in providing a robust framework for democratic governance, upholding individual liberties, and steering the nation toward social justice and inclusive development.

Constitution Day in India, also referred to as Samvidhan Divas, is observed annually on November 26th.This day commemorates the adoption of the Constitution of India.

On Constitution Day, various events and activities are organized across the country to create awareness about the importance of the Constitution and to promote a sense of unity among the citizens. It is a day to reflect on the values enshrined in the Constitution and to reaffirm the commitment to justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity—the core principles that guide the functioning of the Indian democracy.

Constitution Day in India was initially celebrated as Law Day. The celebration of Constitution Day gained significance in 2015 when the Indian government declared November 26th as Constitution Day to honour the contributions of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, who played a key role in the drafting of the Indian Constitution. The day is an occasion for citizens, schools, and institutions to engage in discussions and activities that promote an understanding of the Constitution and its role in shaping the democratic fabric of the country.

Written By 

Priyanka Dhar

Teacher, SST Department